NEW PROSPECTS FOR REFORMS IN HORTICULTURE

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Abstract

This article examines the role of land resources in agricultural production and sustainable national development. Soil is analyzed both as a physical environment essential to human life and as a primary, non-renewable means of production requiring systematic conservation. The study highlights the global significance of soil as the planet's principal medium for the decomposition of organic and mineral compounds. Special attention is given to the agricultural potential of Uzbekistan, which possesses 0.25 hectares of arable land and 0.15 hectares of irrigated arable land per capita, alongside favorable climatic conditions and abundant labor resources. The article presents practical recommendations for improving soil fertility through the application of technical, organic, and organomineral fertilizers in accordance with regional scientific guidelines, with reference to farming practices in the Altyary, Kuva, Tashlok, Fergana, and Rishtan districts of the Fergana region. The study also addresses ongoing efforts to restrict pesticide use and proposes integrated livestock management at the household level as a means of generating additional income and ensuring a sustainable supply of organic fertilizer. The findings underscore that the rational use of domestic land resources represents a strategic pathway toward food security and increased agricultural exports.